The hidden risks of harmful substances in skincare cosmetics

Cosmetics have become an essential part of daily routines for many individuals, particularly women. These products not only enhance appearance but also boost self-confidence. However, the allure of cosmetics can sometimes mask the potential dangers lurking within them. Many skincare products contain harmful substances that can pose serious health risks. This article explores the potential dangers of these substances, the importance of regulation, and how consumers can protect themselves.

Cosmetic products are designed for use on external parts of the human body, including the skin, hair, nails, lips, and teeth. They serve various functions, such as cleansing, providing scent, changing appearance, and protecting body parts. However, despite their intended benefits, some cosmetics contain harmful substances that can cause adverse effects.

Common Harmful Substances

Mercury: Often used in skin-whitening products, mercury is a highly toxic heavy metal. It can cause skin irritation, allergic reactions, kidney damage, neurological disorders, and cognitive impairment. Pregnant women are particularly at risk, as mercury can harm unborn children, potentially leading to neurodevelopmental delays or birth defects.

Hydroquinone: This substance is commonly found in skin-lightening products. It works by inhibiting melanin production, which provides color and protection to the skin. Prolonged use can lead to skin irritation, hypersensitivity, and ochronosis, a condition that causes the skin to darken and thicken. Additionally, it increases the risk of skin cancer due to decreased protection against UV radiation.

Tretinoin: A controlled medicine used to treat chronic acne, tretinoin is sometimes illegally added to cosmetic products. Without proper supervision, its use can cause severe side effects, including redness, discomfort, skin peeling, and increased sensitivity to sunlight. It is also teratogenic, posing risks of miscarriage or fetal retardation.

Regulation and Consumer Safety

In Malaysia, cosmetic products are regulated under legal provisions to ensure consumer safety. The Health Ministry (MOH) requires all cosmetic products to be notified before they can be imported, manufactured, distributed, or sold. This process involves declaring information about the products to ensure they are free from prohibited substances and not contaminated by microorganisms.

Despite these regulations, some manufacturers still market cosmetics containing harmful substances. These products often promise drastic effects, enticing consumers with exaggerated claims. However, prolonged exposure to such products can lead to serious health issues.

Protecting Yourself as a Consumer

As a consumer, it's crucial to be vigilant when purchasing and using cosmetic products. Here are some steps you can take to protect yourself:

Check Product Ingredients: Always read the ingredient list on cosmetic products. Be wary of substances like mercury, hydroquinone, and tretinoin, which are known to be harmful.

Verify Product Notification: Use the "Product Search" feature on the National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency (NPRA) website or the NPRA Product Status mobile application to verify the notification status of cosmetic products before purchasing them.

Be Skeptical of Claims: Don't be easily swayed by advertisements and promotions. Many products make exaggerated claims that lack substantial evidence. Always seek proof of the claims made by sellers.

Report Adverse Reactions: If you experience any side effects or allergic reactions after using a cosmetic product, stop using it immediately and seek medical attention if necessary. Report the event to the NPRA through the Adverse Cosmetic Event Report Form.

Cosmetics can significantly enhance our lives, but it's essential to approach them with caution. By being informed and vigilant, consumers can enjoy the benefits of cosmetics while minimizing the risks associated with harmful substances. Always prioritize safety and quality over convenience and allure, and remember to verify the authenticity and safety of products before use.