[UNITED STATES] Republicans have won a majority in the United States House of Representatives, extending their control of the lower chamber and giving a governing trifecta in Washington that could give Donald Trump broad authority to carry out his legislative program.
The Associated Press reported on Wednesday evening that Republicans had gained at least 218 seats in the 435-member House with a victory in Arizona, more than a week after polls closed across the country and as Trump made cabinet decisions that sent shockwaves through Washington.
The prolonged vote-counting process in several key states had kept the nation on edge, with both parties anxiously awaiting the final results. The delay was largely attributed to the high volume of mail-in ballots and the meticulous verification procedures implemented in the wake of the 2020 election controversies. Despite the extended timeline, election officials emphasized the importance of accuracy over speed, reassuring the public that every legitimate vote would be counted.
The decision assures that Republicans will continue to have a strong voice in crucial issues such as government financing, debt limit negotiations, and foreign aid, and it puts an end to Democrats' expectations that the lower chamber will act as a barrier to Trump's agenda.
Republicans have already won the White House and recovered a Senate majority, so their House triumph completes their governing trifecta. Republicans have suggested that, despite their tiny majority, they will make full use of their trifecta when the next Congress convenes in January.
"We have to deliver for the people, and we will," said Republican House Speaker Mike Johnson on Fox News last week. "President Trump intends to be aggressive. He wants to go big, and we are excited about it. We'll get to play offense."
Johnson's calculation is further complicated by Trump's nomination of at least three House Republicans to join his administration. Trump had previously appointed Elise Stefanik of New York as ambassador to the United Nations, and Mike Waltz of Florida as national security adviser. On Wednesday, Trump announced that he will select Matt Gaetz, a Republican congressman from Florida, as his attorney general.
Gaetz, a right-wing firebrand, was a thorn in the side of former House Speaker Kevin McCarthy, finally leading the successful campaign to remove McCarthy from his position. Gaetz's nomination elicited reactions ranging from confusion to indignation, including from members of the president-elect's own party.
The selection of Gaetz as attorney general has raised eyebrows across the political spectrum, given his controversial past and lack of traditional prosecutorial experience. Legal experts have expressed concerns about the potential politicization of the Justice Department, while some Republican moderates worry that Gaetz's appointment could alienate swing voters. However, Trump's supporters argue that Gaetz's loyalty and aggressive stance on key issues make him an ideal candidate to lead the DOJ in line with the president's vision.
Despite the increasingly tight majority, Johnson dismissed concerns about how Trump's nominees would damage House Republicans' capacity to legislation.
"We have an embarrassment of riches," Johnson admitted on Tuesday. "We have a very talented Republican Conference. We have very skilled and capable workers here. Many of them have the potential to hold key posts in the new administration, but President Trump understands and appreciates the math, and it's all about numbers."
Democrats unsuccessfully campaigned on the need to reduce the present "dysfunction" in Congress, after Republicans' small majority repeatedly brought the House to a halt.
When Republicans took control of the House in January 2023, it took 15 rounds of voting to elect Kevin McCarthy as speaker, with approximately 20 hard-right members refusing to back their conference's choice. McCarthy was removed from his position as speaker nine months later, after eight of his Republican colleagues voted with House Democrats.
Following McCarthy's retirement, Johnson, a relatively unknown Republican member from Louisiana, rose to the speakership after a contentious election.
The ascension of Johnson to the speakership marked a significant shift in the House's leadership dynamics. As a conservative with strong ties to the evangelical community, Johnson's leadership style has been characterized by a more conciliatory approach to the various factions within the Republican Party. His ability to navigate the complex web of intra-party politics has been crucial in maintaining a semblance of unity among House Republicans, even as ideological differences continue to simmer beneath the surface.
Over the last year, Johnson has stretched himself thin to accommodate members of his ideologically diverse conference. Some, notably Marjorie Taylor Greene, a hard-right member from Georgia, were disappointed with his efforts. Greene sought to depose Johnson as speaker in May, but the measure was easily defeated by a house that appeared tired by the instability that characterized this session of Congress.
Despite these challenges, Republicans maintained their majority in the House, and Johnson secured the Republican nomination to remain speaker on Wednesday, putting him on course to retain the gavel after a full House vote in the new year.
Trump offered Johnson a welcome boost during a meeting with House Republicans in Washington, when he supported the speaker's bid to prolong his term and stated that Johnson has his complete support. Johnson praised Trump as a "singular figure in American history" in response.
"They used to call Bill Clinton the comeback kid," Johnson explained. "[Trump] is the comeback king."
Although Democrats were unsuccessful in their quest to flip the House, they emphasized the party's capacity to manage losses in a challenging national context. Hakeem Jeffries, the House Democratic leader, cited the party's successes in his home state of New York as evidence of their efforts.
"Donald Trump outperformed practically every single Republican presidential candidate in recent political history in New York state, winning several seats that we had previously controlled or flipped. Despite that, we were able to defeat three Republican incumbents," Jeffries told Spectrum News' NY1 last week. "And so, I think that there are lessons to be learned from this election in all directions, and we will certainly do an after-action analysis at the appropriate time."
The Democrats' ability to limit their losses in traditionally blue states like New York has become a focal point of their post-election analysis. Political strategists are closely examining the factors that contributed to this resilience, including targeted campaign messaging, effective get-out-the-vote efforts, and the impact of local issues. Some analysts suggest that the Democrats' relative success in these areas could provide a blueprint for future campaigns, particularly in suburban districts that have become increasingly competitive in recent election cycles.
That postmortem may help Democrats reclaim a majority in the 2026 midterm elections, but for now, they must confront the reality of a totally Republican Congress eager to do Trump's bidding.
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